one in four black men are disenfranchised in virginia because of this law. we are working to try to change that, but they're still two states that disenfranchise everybody with a criminal conviction. 10 states permit alley disenfranchise some people -- florida, alabama, mississippi, ariz. -- there are prominent disenfranchisement for some people with criminal convictions. i want to talk about some of this -- thank you for writing the introduction to our report -- a number of these laws are firmly rooted in jim-crow. the need to be very clear about this. these laws have been on the books for a number of years but came into play right around reconstruction and were intended to keep african-americans from voting in our country. there's no question about it. you can read to the constitutional convention, you can read through the delegates comments in virginia, you can read about what they're talking about when they put these laws of the book. they were aimed at african- americans to keep them from voting alongside poll taxes and literacy tests that the voting ri